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EJNMMI Physics

EJNMMI Physics Cover Image

Volume 1 Supplement 1

Proceedings of the 3rd PSMR Conference on PET/MR and SPECT/MR

Meeting abstract
Open Access

Identification and characterization of human brown adipose tissue (BAT) content and metabolism in adults using [18F]-FDG PET/MR – a pilot study

  • Helle H Johannesen1,
  • Johan Löfgren1,
  • Ida Donkin2,
  • Adam E Hansen1,
  • Annika Loft1,
  • Liselotte Højgaard1 and
  • Andreas Kjær1
EJNMMI Physics20141(Suppl 1):A68

https://doi.org/10.1186/2197-7364-1-S1-A68

©  Johannesen et al; licensee Springer 2014

Published: 29 July 2014

Keywords

Brown Adipose TissueWhite Adipose TissueWater SuppressionWater PercentageCalculated Water

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is present in human adults and when present visualised with [18F]-FDG PET. It contains large amounts of mitochondriae, which gives a higher water content compared to white adipose tissue and a high FDG avidity when activated [1].

Five adults underwent PET/MR. BAT was cold-activated using a water-perfused vest, with injection of 100Mbq FDG after 60 minutes [2]. Hereafter cervical regions were scanned on an Siemens Biograph mMR 3T. PET was performed as single bed 10 minutes acquisition.

MRI included DIXON sequence for attenuation correction and axial T2 weighted sequences with and without water suppression, the latter for calculation of water percentage (W%).

ROIs were drawn on T2 images omitting vessels and muscle and propagated to PET images and to calculated water percentage maps (Figure 1). Subcutaneous fat regions were used as reference (SC).
Figure 1
Figure 1

T2, water % , T2/PET and PET images.

FDG-PET identified activated BAT in 3 of 5 subjects. On each scan eight ROIs were drawn, including one reference region (SC). SUVmean for BAT, nBAT and SC were 1.60 (SD 0.26), 0.38 ( 0.12) and 0.64 (0.12) respectively (Figure 2). Calculated water percentage MRI maps for these regions were 19.6% (SD2.9%), 16.5% (4.2%) and 16.8% (1.6%) respectively (Figure 3). No significant difference in W% was found between BAT and nBAT.
Figure 2
Figure 2

Box plot SUV value BAT, SC, nBAT

Figure 3
Figure 3

Box plot W% BAT, SC, nBAT

No significant correlation was found between water percentage in fat tissue with or without BAT, maybe because the two modalities measures different physiological properties. Accordingly, BAT can be present but not activated and therefore measurements with both modalities seems necessary for fully characterization of BAT.

Authors’ Affiliations

(1)
Dept.of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
(2)
The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark

References

  1. Cypess AM, Lehman S, et al.: Identification and importance of brown adipose tissue in adult humans. N Engl J Med 2009,360(15):1509–17. 10.1056/NEJMoa0810780PubMed CentralPubMedView ArticleGoogle Scholar
  2. van Rooijen BD, van der Lans AA, et al.: Imaging cold-activated brown adipose tissue using dynamic T2*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography. Invest Radiol 2013,48(10):708–14. 10.1097/RLI.0b013e31829363b8PubMedView ArticleGoogle Scholar
  3. Chen YC, Cypess AM, et al.: Measurement of human brown adipose tissue volume and activity using anatomic MR imaging and functional MR imaging. J Nucl Med 2013,54(9):1584–7. 10.2967/jnumed.112.117275PubMed CentralPubMedView ArticleGoogle Scholar

Copyright

© Johannesen et al; licensee Springer 2014

This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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