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Table 2 Left ventricle end-diastole and end-systole volumes and ejection fraction of the heart-phantom pair. These values were measured with four imaging modalities and calculated with manual and automated methods

From: Innovative procedure for measuring left ventricular ejection fraction from 18F-FDG first-pass ultra-sensitive digital PET/CT images: evaluation with an anthropomorphic heart phantom

Modality

Manual EDV, cm3 (m±SD)

Automated EDV, cm3 (m±SD)

Manual ESV, cm3 (m±SD)

Automated ESV, cm3 (m±SD)

Manual LVEF, % (m±SD)

Automated LVEF, % (m±SD)

Reference value

110

62

43.6

MRI

107.0 ± 6.4

108.8 ± 3.2

120

59.7 ± 4.8

59.5 ± 2.4

67

44.3 ± 1.7

45.3 ± 1.0

44.7

SPECT ERNA

145.7 ± 50.2

111.8 ± 8.8

1131

120.8 ± 3.42

89.1 ± 41.2

75.3 ± 13.5

A.1.1.1.1.1.1. 601

51.8 ± 12.42

40.3 ± 12.2

32.8 ± 10.0

A.1.1.1.1.1.2. 46.91

57.1 ± 10.32

Planar ERNA

46.0 ± 2.8

45.1 ± 6.7

46.4

Native 3D PET/CT

103.9 ± 4.9

108.5 ± 4.9

89.5 ± 0.63

54.6 ± 2.6

58.4 ± 2.5

48.0 ± 03

47.5 ± 1.9

46.2 ± 1.6

46.4 ± 0.33

“Pseudo-planar” short-axis PET

43.6 ± 0.7

44.2 ± 0.1

43.6

“Pseudo-planar” horizontal long-axis PET

45.5 ± 0.7

44.6 ± 0.5

  1. For manual and semi-automated processes, the value corresponds to the average of 4 repetitions of the image treatment ± the standard deviation. Roman characters indicate results over 4 repetitions with 4 different observers (inter-observer variability) whereas italic characters indicate results over 4 repetitions with the same observer (intra-observer variability)
  2. CT computed tomography, EDV left ventricle end-diastole volume, ERNA equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography, ESV left ventricle end-systole volume, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, MRI magnetic resonance imaging, PET positron emission tomography, SPECT single-photon emission tomography
  3. 1These SPECT values were calculated in a full automated fashion by using the QBS surface-based method
  4. 2These SPECT values were calculated in a semi-automated fashion by using the QBS surface-based method after manually placement of the anatomical landmarks—valves and septum—to help segmentation
  5. 3These PET/CT-derived values were calculated in a semi-automated fashion by using the QBS surface-based method after manually defining the anatomical landmarks—valves and septum—to help segmentation. Full automated QBS computation of PET images failed to identify the left ventricle volumes