EJNMMI Physics

Table 1 Quantitative measures of reference sphere in normal liver tissue for ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATOC, ¹⁸F-fluoride, and ¹¹C-acetate

From: Evaluation of block-sequential regularized expectation maximization reconstruction of ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATOC, ¹⁸F-fluoride, and ¹¹C-acetate whole-body examinations acquired on a digital time-of-flight PET/CT scanner

Measure	OSEM	BSREM
Measure	OSEM	β 133	β 267	β 400	β 533
⁶⁸Ga-DOTATOC
Volume mL	18.5 (16.8–19.6)
SUV_max	8.7 (5.1–11.4)	13.5 (9.6–20.1)	9.9 (6.2–13.8)	8.8 (5.1–12.0)	8.3 (4.5–11.5)
SUV_mean	6.2 (3.0–8.0)	6.2 (3.0–8.1)	6.2 (3.0–8.1)	6.2 (3.0–8.1)	6.2 (3.0–8.1)
P^*		> 0.7	> 0.8	> 0.9	> 0.9
SUV_SD	0.8 (0.4–1.1)	1.5 (0.8–2.0)	1.0 (0.5–1.4)	0.8 (0.4–1.1)	0.7 (0.3–1.0)
Noise^†	0.13 (0.07–0.21)	0.25 (0.14–0.44)	0.16 (0.09–0.27)	0.13 (0.08–0.21)	0.12 (0.07–0.18)
¹⁸F-Fluoride
Volume mL	18.5 (16.5–19.6)
SUV_max	1.0 (0.6–1.3)	3.0 (1.4–6.7)	1.7 (0.8–3.6)	1.1 (0.6–1.5)	0.9 (0.5–1.3)
SUV_mean	0.4 (0.3–0.7)	0.4 (0.3–0.7)	0.4 (0.3–0.7)	0.4 (0.3–0.7)	0.4 (0.3–0.7)
P^*		> 0.7	> 0.3	> 0.2	> 0.3
SUV_SD	0.1 (0.1–0.2)	0.3 (0.2–0.5)	0.2 (0.1–0.3)	0.1 (0.1–0.2)	0.1 (0.1–0.2)
Noise^†	0.30 (0.22–0.40)	0.32 (0.22–0.49)	0.31 (0.16–0.49)	0.33 (0.23–0.49)	0.30 (0.16–0.49)
¹¹C-Acetate
Volume mL	18.7 (18.0–19.6)
SUV_max	5.7 (2.5–11.2)	6.3 (2.6–11.3)	5.6 (2.3–10.7)	5.3 (2.2–10.5)	5.2 (2.2–10.3)
SUV_mean	4.3 (1.8–8.2)	4.3 (1.8–8.1)	4.3 (1.8–8.1)	4.3 (1.8–8.1)	4.3 (1.8–8.1)
P^*		> 0.5	> 0.1	> 0.1	> 0.05
SUV_SD	0.4 (0.2–1.0)	0.5 (0.3–1.1)	0.4 (0.2–0.9)	0.3 (0.2–0.8)	0.3 (0.1–0.8)
Noise^†	0.10 (0.07–0.14)	0.13 (0.09–0.16)	0.09 (0.07–0.12)	0.08 (0.05–0.11)	0.07 (0.05–0.11)

†Noise was defined as SUV_SD divided by SUV_mean
^*P: Wilcoxon’s signed rank test, for BSREM to OSEM on SUV_mean
BSREM block-sequential regularized expectation maximization, OSEM ordered subsets expectation maximization, SUV standardized uptake value, SD standard deviation
Reconstruction methods were OSEM (3 iterations, 16 subsets, 5-mm Gaussian post-processing filter) and BSREM with β-values of 133, 267, 400, and 533, and 2 min/bp. Both reconstruction methods include TOF and PSF recovery. Values represent mean (range)

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