EJNMMI Physics

Table 1 Mean activity of 45 lesions in a clinical study across six reconstruction methods (Q.Clear with β values of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and OSEM), categorized by lesion size: 27 small lesions (diameter ⩽ 10 mm) and 18 large lesions (diameter > 10 mm), and individual tumor type identification (primary rectal tumor, lung metastasis, pelvic metastasis)

From: The effects of various penalty parameter values in Q.Clear algorithm for rectal cancer detection on ¹⁸F-FDG images using a BGO-based PET/CT scanner: a phantom and clinical study

Small lesions (diameter ⩽ 10 mm)
Lesion	β value = 100	β value = 200	β value = 300	β value = 400	β value = 500	OSEM	Tumor type
1	14.62	14.05	13.5	13.05	12.63	10.94	Primary rectal tumor
2	33.66	32.93	32.29	31.7	31.16	28.24	Primary rectal tumor
3	26.59	25.73	24.97	24.24	23.55	19.91	Primary rectal tumor
4	33.85	32.94	32.16	31.41	30.71	26.34	Primary rectal tumor
5	33.2	30.52	28.26	26.26	24.49	19.87	Primary rectal tumor
6	19.71	19.17	18.65	18.16	17.7	15.57	Primary rectal tumor
7	16.6	16	15.4	14.82	14.29	14.26	Primary rectal tumor
8	36.4	35.88	35.36	34.83	34.31	30.98	Lung metastasis
9	26.29	25.62	24.99	24.37	23.78	22.29	Lung metastasis
10	11.35	10.96	11.71	10.57	10.21	9.11	Lung metastasis
11	12.05	11.59	12.48	11.14	10.74	9.72	Lung metastasis
12	13.61	12.59	14.88	11.75	11.04	9.18	Lung metastasis
13	18.59	16.93	20.68	15.62	14.58	12.85	Lung metastasis
14	17.56	17.35	17.12	16.86	16.59	15.5	Lung metastasis
15	17.37	16.74	16.21	15.74	15.34	14.01	Lung metastasis
16	12.27	12.01	11.74	11.49	11.22	10.29	Pelvic metastasis
17	14.054	13.82	13.59	13.37	13.14	12.29	Pelvic metastasis
18	19.86	17.69	15.8	14.27	13.017	10.04	Pelvic metastasis
19	18.4	17.71	16.32	15.78	15.25	13.16	Pelvic metastasis
20	13.92	13.62	12.65	12.24	11.88	11.02	Pelvic metastasis
21	21.52	18.42	17.74	17.39	17.01	16.33	Pelvic metastasis
22	23.08	21.07	19.75	18.78	18.43	17.55	Pelvic metastasis
23	25.32	22.34	21.27	20.73	20.27	18.67	Pelvic metastasis
24	19.39	16.78	15.43	14.25	13.2	11.42	Pelvic metastasis
25	14.92	14.65	14.25	13.79	13.46	12.31	Pelvic metastasis
26	17.05	14.1	12.59	11.68	10.87	11.22	Pelvic metastasis
27	40.26	38.34	36.77	35.48	34.22	27.96	Pelvic metastasis

Large lesions (diameter > 10 mm)
Lesion	β value = 100	β value = 200	β value = 300	β value = 400	β value = 500	OSEM	Tumor type
1	30.71	30.27	29.84	29.45	29.07	29.59	Primary rectal tumor
2	21.92	21.4	21.02	20.72	20.46	20.78	Primary rectal tumor
3	34.89	34.08	33.35	32.67	32.04	31.56	Primary rectal tumor
4	30.22	29.79	29.42	29.1	28.81	27.5	Primary rectal tumor
5	27.51	27.29	27.06	26.86	26.66	25.77	Primary rectal tumor
6	8.99	8.87	8.78	8.67	8.51	7.34	Primary rectal tumor
7	9.06	8.94	8.84	8.74	8.62	8.28	Primary rectal tumor
8	8.22	7.91	7.28	6.98	6.88	6.23	Primary rectal tumor
9	17.36	17.83	17.3	17.27	17.24	16.62	Lung metastasis
10	18.05	18.27	17.8	17.55	17.31	16.51	Lung metastasis
11	43.14	42.06	41.41	40.99	40.7	38.29	Lung metastasis
12	22.7	20.23	19.35	18.65	18.06	19.85	Lung metastasis
13	15.79	14.29	13.35	12.65	12.12	14.16	Pelvic metastasis
14	32.43	28.86	26.9	26.17	25.44	26.89	Pelvic metastasis
15	26.21	23.14	21.69	20.67	19.87	19.5	Pelvic metastasis
16	36.17	35.03	34.08	33.26	32.44	30.64	Pelvic metastasis
17	10.06	8.7	8.042	7.6	7.26	6.31	Pelvic metastasis
18	16.39	12.39	10.53	9.58	8.92	8.55	Pelvic metastasis

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