Table 1 Effective dose from the 55 radiopharmaceuticals in ICRP publication 106, determined using three different methods

³H Tritium labelled neutral fat & free fatty acids

2.2E-01

9.81E-02

−55

1.80E-01

−18

2.44E-01

1.16E-01

¹¹C Carbon acetate

3.5E-03

4.26E-03

22

3.65E-03

4

3.33E-03

3.97E-03

¹¹C Carbon amino acids

5.6E-03

5.76E-03

3

5.26E-03

−6

4.91E-03

5.61E-03

¹¹C Carbon brain receptor substances

4.3E-03

3.70E-03

−14

3.62E-03

−16

3.23E-03

4.00E-03

¹¹C Carbon methionine

8.4E-03

5.88E-03

−30

5.11E-03

−39

4.50E-03

5.72E-03

¹¹C Carbon (2-¹¹C)thymidine

2.7E-03

3.01E-03

11

3.04E-03

13

2.77E-03

3.32E-03

¹¹C Carbon, realistic maximum

1.1E-02

6.04E-03

−45

5.08E-03

−54

4.36E-03

5.80E-03

¹⁴C Carbon labelled neutral fat & free fatty acids

2.1E + 00

1.88E + 00

−10

2.65E + 00

26

3.14E + 00

2.15E + 00

¹⁴C Carbon labelled urea, normal case, orally administered

3.1E-02

2.67E-02

−14

2.72E-02

−12

2.46E-02

2.98E-02

¹⁵O Oxygen water

1.1E-03

9.63E-04

−12

9.33E-04

−15

8.72E-04

9.93E-04

¹⁸ F Fluoride labelled amino acids

2.3E-02

2.27E-02

−1

2.07E-02

−10

1.92E-02

2.21E-02

¹⁸ F Fluoride labelled brain receptor substances

2.8E-02

2.01E-02

−28

2.02E-02

−28

1.82E-02

2.22E-02

¹⁸ F Fluoride FDG

1.9E-02

1.69E-02

−11

1.71E-02

−10

1.53E-02

1.88E-02

¹⁸ F Fluoride L-dopa

2.5E-02

1.75E-02

−30

1.57E-02

−37

1.37E-02

1.76E-02

⁵¹Cr Chromium EDTA

2.0E-03

1.65E-03

−18

1.43E-03

−29

1.23E-03

1.62E-03

⁶⁷Ga Gallium citrate

1.0E-01

9.29E-02

−7

9.08E-02

−9

8.14E-02

1.00E-01

⁶⁸Ga Gallium labelled EDTA

4.0E-02

2.41E-02

−40

2.14E-02

−47

1.89E-02

2.40E-02

⁷⁵Se Selenium labelled amino acids

2.2E + 00

2.39E + 00

8

2.27E + 00

3

2.14E + 00

2.39E + 00

⁷⁵Se Selenium labelled bile acid SeHCAT

6.9E-01

3.01E-01

−56

3.48E-01

−50

3.16E-01

3.79E-01

^99mTc Technetium apcitide

4.7E-03

1.13E-02

140

1.19E-02

153

1.10E-02

1.29E-02

^99mTc Technetium labelled small colloids, intratumoural adm. time to removal 18 h

2.0E-03

3.14E-03

57

3.96E-03

98

3.49E-03

4.43E-03

^99mTc Technetium labelled small colloids, intratumoural adm time to removal 6 h

1.2E-03

1.78E-03

48

2.24E-03

86

1.98E-03

2.50E-03

^99mTc Technetium EC, normal renal function

6.3E-03

4.63E-03

−27

3.66E-03

−42

3.04E-03

4.29E-03

^99mTc Technetium ECD

7.7E-03

5.97E-03

−23

5.64E-03

−27

5.01E-03

6.27E-03

^99mTc Technetium furifosmin, exercise

8.9E-03

6.57E-03

−26

6.78E-03

−24

6.16E-03

7.40E-03

^99mTc Technetium furifosmin, resting subject

1.0E-02

6.99E-03

−30

7.19E-03

−28

6.53E-03

7.85E-03

^99mTc Technetium labelled HIG

7.0E-03

9.83E-03

40

9.42E-03

35

8.93E-03

9.92E-03

^99mTc Technetium labelled HM-PAO

9.3E-03

1.05E-02

13

9.78E-03

5

8.95E-03

1.06E-02

Tc-99 m Technetium labelled IDA derivatives, normal hepato-biliary conditions

1.7E-02

9.39E-03

−45

9.73E-03

−43

8.93E-03

1.05E-02

^99mTc Technetium labelled MAA

1.1E-02

1.34E-02

22

1.40E-02

27

1.27E-02

1.53E-02

^99mTc Technetium labelled MAG3, normal renal function

7.0E-03

5.12E-03

−27

4.00E-03

−43

3.29E-03

4.70E-03

^99mTc Technetium labelled non-absorbable markers, orally administered fluids

1.9E-02

1.06E-02

−44

1.07E-02

−44

9.93E-03

1.14E-02

^99mTc Technetium labelled non-absorbable markers, orally administered solids

2.4E-02

1.13E-02

−53

1.15E-02

−52

1.07E-02

1.24E-02

^99mTc Technetium labelled MIBI, exercise

7.9E-03

6.55E-03

−17

6.29E-03

−20

5.80E-03

6.78E-03

^99mTc Technetium labelled MIBI, resting subject

9.0E-03

6.81E-03

−24

6.61E-03

−27

6.14E-03

7.07E-03

^99mTc Technetium labelled monoclonal antibodies, intact antibody

1.2E-02

1.17E-02

−3

1.08E-02

−10

9.95E-03

1.16E-02

^99mTc Technetium pertechnegas

1.2E-02

1.52E-02

26

1.50E-02

25

1.39E-02

1.61E-02

^99mTc Technetium pertechnetate, intravenous blocking agent given

4.2E-03

4.34E-03

3

4.02E-03

−4

3.58E-03

4.46E-03

^99mTc Technetium pertechnetate, intravenous no blocking agent given

1.3E-02

1.60E-02

23

1.58E-02

22

1.48E-02

1.68E-02

^99mTc Technetium pertechnetate orally, no blocking agent

1.4E-02

6.48E-03

−54

6.36E-03

−55

5.83E-03

6.89E-03

^99mTc Technetium labelled phosphates and phosphonates, normal uptake and excretion

5.7E-03

4.55E-03

−20

3.99E-03

−30

3.38E-03

4.59E-03

^99mTc Technetium labelled erythrocytes

7.0E-03

1.06E-02

51

1.11E-02

59

1.02E-02

1.20E-02

^99mTc Technetium technegas

1.5E-02

1.79E-02

19

1.90E-02

27

1.71E-02

2.08E-02

^99mTc Technetium tetrofosmin, exercise

6.9E-03

5.54E-03

−20

5.67E-03

−18

5.15E-03

6.20E-03

^99mTc Technetium tetrofosmin, resting subject

8.0E-03

5.92E-03

−26

6.15E-03

−23

5.57E-03

6.72E-03

^99mTc Technetium labelled white blood cells (leukocytes)

1.1E-02

1.28E-02

16

1.02E-02

−7

9.24E-03

1.12E-02

¹¹¹In Indium labelled HIG

1.7E-01

2.23E-01

31

2.15E-01

26

1.99E-01

2.31E-01

¹¹¹In Indium labelled monoclonal antibodies, intact antibody

3.3E-01

2.88E-01

−13

2.74E-01

−17

2.49E-01

2.99E-01

¹¹¹In Indium octreotide

5.4E-02

6.74E-02

25

5.93E-02

10

5.34E-02

6.51E-02

¹²³I Iodide, thyroid uptake 35 %

2.2E-01

2.59E-01

18

2.13E-01

−3

1.95E-01

2.30E-01

¹²³I Iodine BMIPP

1.6E-02

1.70E-02

6

1.71E-02

7

1.56E-02

1.87E-02

¹²³I Iodine IPPA

1.6E-02

1.72E-02

7

1.72E-02

8

1.56E-02

1.87E-02

¹²³I Iodine labelled brain receptor substances

5.0E-02

3.60E-02

−28

3.65E-02

−27

3.30E-02

4.00E-02

¹²³I Iodine Hippuran, normal renal function

1.2E-02

8.88E-03

−26

7.06E-03

−41

5.98E-03

8.15E-03

¹²³I Iodine MIBG

1.3E-02

1.67E-02

28

1.67E-02

28

1.51E-02

1.82E-02

¹²³I Iodine labelled monoclonal antibodies, intact antibody

2.9E-02

3.29E-02

13

2.94E-02

1

2.68E-02

3.21E-02

¹²⁴I Iodide, thyroid uptake 35 %

1.5E + 01

1.41E + 01

−6

1.15E + 01

−23

1.05E + 01

1.25E + 01

¹²⁵I Iodide, thyroid uptake 35 %

1.4E + 01

1.85E + 01

32

1.50E + 01

7

1.38E + 01

1.62E + 01

¹³¹I Iodide, thyroid uptake 35 %

2.4E + 01

2.68E + 01

11

2.15E + 01

−10

1.98E + 01

2.33E + 01

¹³¹I Iodine, Hippuran, normal renal function

5.2E-02

1.89E-02

−64

1.53E-02

−71

1.29E-02

1.78E-02

¹³¹I Iodine, labelled monoclonal antibodies, intact antibody

4.7E-01

4.40E-01

−6

3.59E-01

−24

3.26E-01

3.94E-01

¹³¹I Iodine NP59

1.8E + 00

2.02E + 00

12

1.74E + 00

−3

1.60E + 00

1.89E + 00

²⁰¹Tl Thallium ion

1.4E-01

1.27E-01

−10

1.02E-01

−27

9.90E-02

1.05E-01